الإضافة - The Construct Phrase
The إضافة (literally addition) or “the construct
phrase” is one of the building blocks of Arabic grammar ((القواعد.
Becoming accustomed to using the إضافة
can be challenging to learners of Arabic because like most things in Arabic it
requires the student to think in the exact opposite way that she or he would
think in English. The construction is formed by stringing together two or more
nouns to form a relationship of possession which resemble the _______ of
________ construction in English (example: )
Rules:
11) As I stated previously, the most difficult
part of using the إضافة is “re-directing” your
thinking. For example in order to say “My brother’s wife” you have to say زوجة اخي. This is a simple enough rule to remember
when writing. Where I have trouble is when employing the إضافة when speaking. We are all linguistically hardwired to think a
certain way but if you are thinking in English and translating into Arabic
forming the إضافة can be very
difficult. This is one of the many reasons why I am against learning by translating
at the beginner level. I think that when you are first learning a new language
you have to try your hardest to “forget” your native language, ie limit its
influence as much as possible. This way you can get used to thinking in the
syntax of your new language.
22) Only the final noun is “definite.” This can
be formed in three ways a) adding an ال
b) using a possessive pronoun; ie قطتي, سيارتي c) using a proper
noun; ie نو يورك.
33) When reading out loud (this is apparently a
very important skill) the ة must be pronounced as
a ت in all nouns except the final noun.
44) The final noun in an إضافة is always مجرور and takes a كسرة.
الضمائر الملكية
Possessive Pronouns
At this
point Al-Kitaab has introduced 8 ضمائر.
The following chart includes the ضمائر ملكية
for them:
|
نحن
نا
|
انا
ي
|
|
انتم
كم
|
انتَ كَ
انتِ
كِ
|
|
هم
هم
|
هو
ه
هي
ها
|
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